Portable Power: The Secret Life Of Generators

Power is something often overlooked as long as its working we don’t really put much thought into it. Once the pigtails are handed to the electrician and all the voltages are checked the rest is forgotten till the end of the show. This turns into a very different situation when we are dealing with generators.  In some scenarios there is an electrician or a generator technician available but in many others the responsibility of hauling, operating and monitoring the generator can be appointed to us.

For starters lets break down the actual generator. A generator is a machine that converts rotating mechanical energy into electrical energy. It consists of four main parts the engine, generating unit, governor controls and distribution. Electricity is created when the engine turns a rotor inside a series of windings in the generator. The governor is responsible for controlling the speed of the engine so the generator is not overloaded. The distribution center is where we find all of our connectors and lugs along with extra protection by way of circuit breakers.

The generators we use or “Production” generators differ from standard construction generators by having great voltage regulation. For comparison our generators have around 1.5 percent tolerances while construction generators can have upwards of 25 percent tolerances. While this is fine for construction equipment it can be very harmful for our expensive electronics. They are also quieter than regular generators and have larger fuel tanks for longer operation. 

To ensure safe operation everyone should know the laws and codes concerning power systems. The National Electric code, sponsored by the National Fire Protection agency, is published every three years. The current edition is from 2011. The codes presented are merely advisory codes, it is up to local municipalities to adopt the current version of the National Electric Code to adopt it as laws. Some may adopt it exactly while others enforce stricter guidelines. The sections of interest to production companies are articles 520,525,590, and 640. 520 covers structures used for presentations and performances like theaters, assembly halls, and stages. 525 covers installation of portable wiring and equipment for carnivals, cruises, fairs and related functions. 590 covers installation of temporary power and lighting while 640 covers portable and/or temporary audio system installlations.

Several guidelines for generators include, parking the unit on a flat level site with easy access for refueling while also keeping it away from the general public. Secure the wheels to prevent rolling. Installation of a ground rod or tie the unit into an existing ground and most importantly meter the outputs before connecting your equipment.

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